Refrigerating apparatus.



B. THOENS.

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION HLED ocr. 17. 1913.

Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

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WITNESSES lBUB-CHARD THOENS, 0F YOJRK, N. Y.

BEFJRIGERATING PARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 11%, 121%..

Application filed October 17, 1913. Serial No. 795,728.

To all whom it may concern:

]Be it known that T, BURCHARD THonNs, a subject of the Emperor ofGermany, residing at New York, county of New York, State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in RefrigeratingApparatus, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in refrigerating apparatusand the object of the invention is to provide such apparatus which willcombine features of both the absorption and the compression systems ofrefrigeration.

By the present invention it is possible to provide a refrigeratingapparatus which will be more eflicient and operate under more nearlytheoretically correct conditions than are attained by apparatus ascommonly constructed under either of the above stated systems.

The accompanying drawing illustrates, more or less diagrammatically, anapparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Referring to the drawings a designates a vapor generator which may be ofany suitable type or form. As shown, steam is supplied to chambers atthe end of generator at by pipes 0 and heating pipes b communicate withsaid chambers. Water of condensation is withdrawn from the generatorthrough pipes d. The steam supplied through the pipes 0 may be theexhaust from the engine of the compressor and pump hereinafter referredto, or other steam driven member of the apparatus.

As shown the generator a is provlded with an upwardly projecting columnor stand pipe 6 into which the ascending vapors pass and within which isarranged a tank or vessel 7 for water so that the vapors will beinitially cooled in passing through the stand pipe. By a pipe 4 vapor isconducted the stand pipe 6 to a gas cooler 9 within which is arranged acooling coil h having its inlet or supply pipe 21 extending through thetop of the cooler and its waste or discharge pipe 22 passing through thebottom thereof. The lower end of the cooler g is connected, by a pipe 5,with the stand pipe 6 for the purpose of returning to the latter anycondensation collecting in the cooler g The cooler g is connected by apipe 6 with the inlet of a gas compressor is, the outlet of which isthrough pipes Z, 8 connected with from a condenser m. Preferably thereis an oil separator 1 introduced into this connection between the outletfrom the gas compressor and the condenser m. The outlet of thecondenslng 0011 m is connected through a pipe 9 wlth a liquid receiverat, which in turn, through pipe 10 provided with an expansion valve 11,is connected with the inlet end of a refrigerating coil p. As shown thiscoil is arranged within a tank 0 containing brine and 111 which aresupported freezing cans g. The outlet of the refrigerating coil 79 iscon-- nected through a pipe 12 with an injector absorber s, a suitableoil trap 1* being provided at the lower end of said pipe.

pump t 1s provided for circulating A liquid from the generator a throughthe injector absorber s and back to the vapor generator. As shown thisliquid circulating system includes three pipes or conduits 1, 2 and 3, acoil j connecting the pipes 1 and 2 and being arranged within a tank 2'to which water is supplied for cooling the liquid passing through thecoil. Said cooling water is supplied to the tank 2' through a supplypipe 16, and by means of a branch pipe 18 the tank 11 is connected withthe inlet 21 to the gas cooling coil it, and by a lateral pipe 19 withthe Vessel or receptacle f within the vapor generator stand pipe 6. Awaste or overflow pipe 17 conducts surplus water away from the coolingtank a. Cooling water is supplied to the condenser m through a suitablepipe 14: and the usual waste outlet 15 is provided below said condenser.

The operation of the apparatus will be readily understood from thedrawing in connection with the foregoing description.

The vapors rising from the aqua ammonia solution in the generator a passthrough the standpipe e, being preliminarily cooled by the water in thereceptacle j therein, and into the cooler 9 where their temperature isfurther reduced by the action of the cooling coil it. By this coolingthe vapor or gas is deprived of any moisture or steam initially presentin it, such moisture being returned to the generator through the pipe 5.The anhydrous gas passes through the pipe 6 to the compressor 70 bywhich it is forced into the condenser m, passing first through the oilseparator Z. From the condenser the liquefied gas passes through theliquid receiver n and pipe 10 to the refrigerating coil wherein itexpands cooling the brine in liquid and gas combined are returned tolate through pipes 1, 2 and 3, being cooled in its passage rom the coil7', and is discharged into the absorber s from which the the generator athrough a pipe 13. In the absorber s the gas coming from therefrigerating coil p comes into contact with the cooled weak liquid andis instantlyabsorbed thereby and returned therewith 'to the generator'a.If desired, an exchanger of wellknown forni for exchanging thetemperature of the liquid forced by the pump into the generator with thetemperature of the liquid passing from the generator to the liquidcooling coil j may be interposed between the absorber s and generator a.Such an arrangement would effect a saving of cooling water in the tank2' and steam required to vaporizethesolution in the generator a.

Among the advantages of an apparatus constructed as hereinbeforedescribed, the

= following may be noted. Liquid will be maintained at substantially aconstant level in the generator a, the pump it merely circulating theweak liquid through the generator and therefore regulating means such asare commonly required in refrigerating machines working on theabsorption principle may be dispensed with. By combinlng the gas passingfrom the refrigerating co1lw1th the weak liquid in the injector absorberand forcing them both together into the generator without cooling, theheat of absorption is retained in the system, thereby effecting a savingof steam over that possible with machines as commonly constructed.Further, the present arrangement avoids the necessity for providing aspecial supply of wator for cooling the absorberscommonly employed. Lesssteam and water being required for the operation of the improvedapparatus than with machines heretofore employed a smaller boiler plantand cooling water pump are necessary and thereb a further saving insteam consumption is e fected. The suction pressure of the compressor israised by the exhaust steam of the compressor engine, giving thecompressor a larger-capacity orpermittmg the use of a smaller compressorfor a given capacity, requiring less steam for its operation, and, asthe heat of compression is less, less superheating of the gas takesplace during compression thereby obviating a loss in efficiency due tosuperheatmg.

sorber connected with the outlet from the refrigerator, a weak liquorcooler, connections between said weak liquor cooler and the vaporgenerator, a pump having its suction side connected with the weak liquorcooler and its discharge side connected with the absorber, and aconnection between the absorber and vapor generator.

2. In'a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a vapor generator, agas compressor having its. inlet connected with the vapor generator, arefrigerating coil, connections between the inlet of the refrigeratingcoil and the compressor, an injector absorber, a pump arranged betweenthe vapor generator and absorber for circulating liquid from the vaporgenerator through said absorber, and a connection from the outlet of therefrigerating coil to said absorber.

3. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a vapor generator, agas compressor having its inlet connected with the vapor generator, arefrigerating coil, connections between the inlet of the refrigeratingcoil and the compressor, means for cooling the gas supplied to thecompressor by the vapor generator, an injector absorber, a pump forcirculating liquid from the vapor generator through said absorber, and aconnection independent of said pump and its connection with the absorberbetween the outlet of the refrigeratingcoil and. said absorber.

4. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a vapor generator, agas compressor, an injector absorber, means for circulating liquid fromthe generator through said absorber, means for cooling said liquidbefore it enters the absorber, means interposed between the vaporgenerator. and gas compressor for cooling the vapor, a refrigeratingcoil having its outlet connected with the vapor absorber, independent ofthe means for circulating liquid through the absorber, and connectionsbetween the compressor and the inlet of the refrigerating coil.

5. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a vapor generator, apump connected with the liquid chamber of the vapor generator, aninjector absorber interposed between and connected with the pump outletand the vapor generator, a gas compressor having its inlet connectedwith the vapor generator, means for cooling vapor supplied to thecompressor, means for cooling the liquid circulated by said pump, arefrigerating coil having its outlet connected with the absorber, andconnections between the compressor and the inlet of the refrigeratingcoil.

6. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a vapor generatorhavinga stand pipe adapted to receive vapor rising therefrom andprovided with means for cooling vapor passing therethrough, a gascompressor having its inlet connected with said stand pipe, a pumphaving its inlet connected with the liquid chamber of the vaporgenerator, an injector absorber connected with the outlet of the pumpand with the vapor generator, means for cooling liquid in passing fromthe vapor generator to the pump, a refrigerating coil having its outletconnected with the absorber, and connections between the compressor andthe inlet of the refrigerating coil.

7. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a vapor generator, agas compressor having its inlet connected with the vapor generator, arefrigerating coil, connections between the inlet of the refrigeratingcoil and the compressor, an absorber connected with an outlet of therefrigerating coil and with the vapor generator, connections between thevapor generator and the absorber independent of the refrigerating coil,and means in the last said connections for circulating weak liquor fromthe genera tor through the absorber.

8. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a vapor generator, agas compressor having its inlet connected with the vapor generator, arefrigerating coil, connections between the inlet of the refrigeratingcoil and the compressor, an absorber connected with the outlet of therefrigerating coil and with the vapor generator, a pump between thevapor generator and the connection of the refrigerating coil with theabsorber for forcing weak liquid from the generator to and through theabsorber, and means for cooling said weak liquid before admitting it tothe absorber.

9. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a vapor generatorand a refrigerator, of an absorber connecttd with the outlet from therefrigerator, a pump, a weak liquor cooler connected with the vaporgenerator and with the suction side of the pump, connections between thedischarge side of the pump and the absorber, and connections between theabsorber and the vapor generator.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

BURCHARD THOENS.

Witnesses ISABEL LEvINsoN, FRIEDA KICK.

